248 top medical experts on Heart Sounds across 46 countries and 18 U.S. states, including 74 MDs (Physicians). This is based on an objective analysis of their Scientific Publications, Clinical Trials, Medicare, and NIH Grants.

  1. Heart Sounds: The sounds heard over the cardiac region produced by the functioning of the heart. There are four distinct sounds: the first occurs at the beginning of systole and is heard as a "lubb" sound; the second is produced by the closing of the aortic valve and pulmonary valve and is heard as a "dupp" sound; the third is produced by vibrations of the ventricular walls when suddenly distended by the rush of blood from the heart atria; and the fourth is produced by atrial contraction and ventricular filling.
  2. Clinical guidelines are the recommended starting point to understand initial steps and current protocols in any disease or procedure:


  

        

                    


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